- Radical Hysterectomy treatment guide
The uterus and cervix sit in the pelvis between bladder and rectum. The ureters run through the parametrium beside the cervix, and the pelvic nerves that influence bladder emptying travel nearby, so identifying those structures is part of a radical rather than a simple hysterectomy. A simple hysterectomy removes the uterus and cervix; a radical operation takes additional parametrial tissue and a vaginal cuff because that is where early cervical cancer can spread. Pelvic nodes, and sometimes para-aortic nodes, are assessed in the same sitting.
- Laparoscopic Hysterectomy treatment guide
Laparoscopic hysterectomy removes the uterus through small abdominal ports using a camera and long instruments. The uterus can carry pregnancy; its lower neck is the cervix. Separate fallopian tubes and hormone-producing ovaries are not automatically removed.
- Robotic Hysterectomy treatment guide
Robotic hysterectomy is laparoscopic uterus removal performed with surgeon-controlled wristed instruments at a console. The planned operation must separately name uterus, cervix, each tube and each ovary; port position depends on pelvic anatomy.
- Vaginal Hysterectomy treatment guide
Vaginal hysterectomy removes the uterus through the vagina without routine abdominal ports or a laparotomy incision. Vaginal access follows uterine descent through the vaginal canal; apical support, bladder, ureters and rectum remain important neighbouring structures.
- Abdominal Hysterectomy treatment guide
Abdominal hysterectomy removes the uterus through a laparotomy incision in the abdominal wall. The laparotomy provides open access to uterus, cervix, tubes, ovaries, ureters, bladder, bowel and pelvic vessels.
- Laparoscopic Myomectomy treatment guide
Laparoscopic myomectomy removes selected fibroids through abdominal ports while retaining and repairing the uterus. Fibroids may be subserosal, intramural or near the endometrial cavity; FIGO type or cavity relationship helps define dissection and repair.
- Robotic Myomectomy treatment guide
Robotic myomectomy uses surgeon-controlled console instruments to remove selected fibroids and repair the retained uterus. Subserosal, intramural and cavity-adjacent fibroids distort different uterine layers and require a planned repair.
- Hysteroscopic Myomectomy treatment guide
Hysteroscopic myomectomy removes selected submucosal fibroid tissue through the cervix from inside the uterine cavity, without abdominal incisions. FIGO type 0, 1 or 2 relationships describe how much fibroid lies in the cavity versus myometrium and help anticipate complete or staged resection.
- Endometriosis Surgery treatment guide
Endometriosis surgery identifies and treats selected endometriosis lesions, adhesions or endometriomas through an individualized usually laparoscopic plan. Disease may be superficial peritoneal, deep near bowel, bladder, ureter or nerves, or ovarian as an endometrioma; adhesions can distort pelvic anatomy.
- Hysteroscopic Polypectomy treatment guide
Hysteroscopic polypectomy removes an endometrial polyp under direct vision from inside the uterine cavity through the cervix. An endometrial polyp projects from the cavity lining on a focal stalk or base; it differs from a fibroid arising in uterine muscle.
- Ovarian Cyst Surgery treatment guide
Ovarian cyst surgery treats a selected ovarian cyst by cystectomy, drainage only in limited contexts, or ovary removal when preservation is unsafe or inappropriate. A cyst can replace or compress ovarian tissue near the tube, ureter, bowel and pelvic vessels; torsion twists the adnexa and is an emergency.
- Oophorectomy treatment guide
Oophorectomy removes one ovary or both ovaries through laparoscopic, vaginal or open access according to indication. Each ovary has its own blood supply and lies beside a fallopian tube, ureter and pelvic vessels; laterality must be explicit.
- Pelvic Organ Prolapse Surgery treatment guide
Pelvic organ prolapse surgery restores selected vaginal support when bladder, uterus or vault, rectum or small bowel descends. Anterior, apical and posterior compartments support bladder, uterus or vault, and rectum; a complete plan names every affected compartment.
- Pelvic Floor Repair treatment guide
Pelvic floor repair restores selected anterior, posterior or perineal vaginal support associated with cystocele, rectocele or perineal weakness. Anterior support lies between vagina and bladder, posterior support between vagina and rectum, and the perineal body supports the vaginal opening.